Battle of Lahore (1752)

VictorDurrani AfghansAhmad Shah Abdali
1752vs
Mughal government of the PunjabMir Mannu (Muin-ul-Mulk); Diwan Kaura Mal

On his third invasion Ahmad Shah Abdali blockaded Lahore for months, killed Diwan Kaura Mal in the last battle outside the city, and took the Punjab from the Mughal empire.

Date: Winter 1751–52; surrender 6 March 1752Where: Lahore, Punjab (now in Pakistan)Type: Siege
Photo: Pragya Sharan · CC BY-SA 4.0
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Cite

MLA

“Battle of Lahore (1752).” Hindu History, 2026, https://www.hinduhistory.in/battles/battle-of-lahore-1752/. Accessed .

APA

Hindu History. (2026). Battle of Lahore (1752). Retrieved , from https://www.hinduhistory.in/battles/battle-of-lahore-1752/

Result

Mir Mannu surrendered on 6 March 1752 and was kept on as Abdali’s governor; the Mughal emperor ceded the Punjab and Multan to the Durranis.

01The third invasion

Mir Mannu had promised Abdali the revenue of four districts after the invasion of 1749 and then stopped paying. In the winter of 1751 Abdali crossed the Indus again. Mannu entrenched outside Lahore and wrote to Delhi for help that never came. For about four months the Afghans ravaged the country round the city while Mannu’s camp ran short of grain and fodder.

02Kaura Mal falls

Early in March 1752 Mannu came out to fight. In the battle that followed Diwan Kaura Mal, the Hindu governor of Multan and the Sikhs’ friend at court, was killed, by most accounts after rivals in Mannu’s own camp held back from supporting him. Mannu’s army fell apart and on 6 March he surrendered. Abdali, struck by his courage, made him his own governor of the Punjab. Emperor Ahmad Shah, rather than fight, signed the Punjab and Multan over to Abdali.

Why it matters

The Punjab passed from Delhi to Kandahar, and with Kaura Mal gone the Sikhs lost their protector at Lahore; Mannu’s persecution of them followed.