01Siege of 1310
Alauddin Khalji sent Malik Kafur against Warangal in 1309. Amir Khusrau, who wrote up the campaign in the Khazain-ul-Futuh, describes the earthen outer wall and the stone inner fort, and the weeks of siege in early 1310. Prataparudra came to terms: he gave up a great store of treasure, elephants and horses, and agreed to send tribute to Delhi each year. The kingdom stayed his. He used the years that followed to rebuild his army under the Nayaka captains who held its forts.
02The fall of Warangal
When tribute stopped, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq sent his son Ulugh Khan, the future Muhammad bin Tughlaq. The first siege of 1322 broke up when rumours spread in the Sultanate camp and its own officers deserted. Ulugh Khan returned in 1323, and this time Warangal fell. Prataparudra was sent towards Delhi as a prisoner. The Vilasa grant of Prolaya Nayaka says he gave up his life on the banks of the Narmada on the way. Orugallu was renamed Sultanpur. Within about a dozen years the Nayakas he had trained, led by Prolaya and Kapaya, drove the Tughlaq garrison out.
