Photo: Constituent Assembly of India · EdictGov-India
Manuscript · Signed 24 January 1950

The hand-written Constitution of India

Found
Calligraphed by Prem Behari Narain Raizada and illuminated by Nandalal Bose and the artists of Santiniketan; signed by members of the Constituent Assembly
Kept at
In helium-filled cases in the Library of Parliament, New Delhi

The original Constitution, written out by hand and illustrated with scenes from five thousand years of Bharat, from the Sindhu seals to the freedom struggle.

What it says

Each Part opens with a painting. A bull seal of Mohenjo-daro heads Part I and a Vedic gurukul Part II. Shri Rama, Sita and Lakshmana returning home head Part III, the Fundamental Rights, and Shri Krishna teaching Arjuna at Kurukshetra heads Part IV, the Directive Principles. Later pages show the Buddha, Mahavira, Nataraja, Shivaji, Guru Gobind Singh, Rani Lakshmibai and Gandhi’s Dandi march. Beohar Rammanohar Sinha decorated the Preamble.

What it proves

The framers chose to open the republic’s law with Bharat’s own history and Itihasa, Shri Rama on the page of rights and the Gita on the page of duties of the state.

Evidence for