Battle of Alaboi

SideAhom kingdomAhom commanders under Lachit Borphukan; Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha
1669vs
VictorMughal empireRaja Ram Singh I of Amber

Aurangzeb sent Ram Singh of Amber to retake Guwahati. At Alaboi the Ahoms met his army on open ground and were badly beaten, the worst day of the whole war.

Date: August 1669 CEWhere: Alaboi hills near Dadara, north bank of the Brahmaputra, Kamrup, AssamType: Battle
Photo: P Phukan · CC BY-SA 4.0
Result

The Ahoms lost an open-field battle with heavy loss of men.

01Leaving the hills

Lachit’s plan was to hold the hills and river line round Guwahati and make the Mughals come to him. At Alaboi that plan was set aside. The Buranjis record that the Ahom force came down to fight in the open, where Ram Singh’s Rajput and Mughal cavalry had every advantage. The Ahom losses ran into thousands, and the chroniclers count it the bloodiest day of the war.

02The lesson taken

Alaboi did not open Guwahati to the Mughals. The Ahoms went back to their earthworks, their river fleet and the waiting game, and Ram Singh spent the next year and a half stuck below the hills. When the decisive fight came at Saraighat in 1671, it was on the water, where the Ahoms were strongest.

Ahom kingdom
Dynasty · 1228–1826 CEAhom kingdomSukaphaa crossed the Patkai hills in 1228 with a small band of Tai followers, and his house ruled Assam for six hundred years. The Ahoms beat back every Delhi and Mughal invasion of the valley, most famously at Saraighat in 1671.Read →
Why it matters

A costly defeat that confirmed Lachit’s own method: fight from the hills and the river, never on the plain.