Capture of Sinhagad (Kondhana)

VictorSwarajya (Marathas)Tanaji Malusare, then his brother Suryaji
1670vs
SideMughal garrisonUdaybhan Rathod, qiledar

Kondhana had gone to the Mughals under the Treaty of Purandar in 1665. Five years later Tanaji Malusare climbed its cliff by night with a picked band and won it back.

Date: 4 February 1670 CEWhere: Kondhana fort, south-west of Pune, MaharashtraType: Siege
Photo: DesiBoy101 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Result

The Mavalas took the fort in a night assault; Tanaji fell in single combat with Udaybhan.

01The night climb

On a dark night of Magh, Tanaji’s Mavalas came up the steep western face where the garrison kept the thinnest watch. Ropes were fixed, a few men got over the wall, and the rest followed before the alarm spread. Udaybhan Rathod, the Rajput qiledar holding the fort for Aurangzeb, met Tanaji sword to sword. Both men died. The Mavalas wavered, and it was Suryaji, Tanaji’s brother, who rallied them and cut the ropes behind them so there was no going back. By dawn the fort was Shivaji’s.

02Gad ala, pan simha gela

Maharashtra remembers Shivaji’s grief in one line: the fort is won, but the lion is gone. The saying gave the fort its later name, Sinhagad, the lion’s fort. Tanaji’s samadhi stands on the hill, and the shahir Tulsidas’s powada of the night assault is still sung. The capture opened a year in which the Marathas took back one Purandar fort after another.

Tanaji Malusare
Person · d. 4 February 1670Tanaji MalusareTanaji Malusare, a Maval subhedar and one of Shivaji’s oldest companions, led the night assault that took Kondhana from its Mughal garrison on 4 February 1670. He was killed in the fight, and the fort is known to this day as Sinhagad.Read →
Why it matters

It began the recovery of the forts surrendered at Purandar and gave Maharashtra its most loved soldier’s tale.