Second Battle of Tarain

SideChahamanas and allied Rajput kingsPrithviraj Chauhan III, with Govindaraja of Delhi
1192vs
VictorGhuridsMuhammad of Ghor

A year after his defeat Muhammad of Ghor came back to the same field with a reorganised army of mounted archers. He wore down the Rajput host in a day of harassing attacks and broke it at dusk.

Date: 1192 CEWhere: Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar, HaryanaType: Battle
Photo: Anamdas · CC BY-SA 3.0
Result

Prithviraj was defeated, captured and put to death; Govindaraja fell on the field.

01A day of feints

Minhaj-us-Siraj says Muhammad came with a hundred and twenty thousand horse. He divided his light cavalry into four bodies that rode against the Rajput flanks and rear, loosed arrows and fell back whenever the elephants and heavy horse advanced, then came again. Firishta says the attack came at dawn, before the Hindu camp was ready. By late afternoon the Rajput army was tired and strung out. Muhammad then threw in twelve thousand fresh armoured horsemen he had held back, and the line broke.

02The fall of Ajmer and Delhi

Prithviraj left the field and was caught near the Sarasvati, by Minhaj’s account, and put to death. Govindaraja died fighting; Minhaj says he was recognised by his broken teeth from the year before. Ajmer was taken, its temples broken and a mosque begun on the site of a Sanskrit college, the building now called Adhai Din ka Jhonpra, which still shows temple pillars. Prithviraj’s son was left as a vassal in Ajmer for a while. Qutb-ud-din Aibak took Delhi in 1193.

Chahamanas (Chauhans) of Shakambhari and Ajmer
Dynasty · c. 7th century–1192 CE (Ranthambore branch to 1301)Chahamanas (Chauhans) of Shakambhari and AjmerThe Chahamanas grew from chiefs around Sambhar lake into the kings of Ajmer and Delhi. Prithviraj III defeated Muhammad of Ghor at Tarain in 1191 and fell to him there in 1192.Read →
Why it matters

Second Tarain opened the Gangetic plain to the Ghurids and led to the Delhi Sultanate in 1206.