The Rathore War for Marwar

VictorRathores of MarwarDurgadas Rathore, for the infant Ajit Singh
1679vs
SideMughal empireEmperor Aurangzeb

When Maharaja Jaswant Singh died in 1678, Aurangzeb took Marwar under direct rule. Durgadas Rathore smuggled the dead king’s infant son out of Delhi and fought for him until he had his throne.

Date: 1679–1707 CEWhere: Marwar, with Jodhpur at its centre, RajasthanType: Revolt
Photo: Unknown authorUnknown author · Public domain
Result

After nearly thirty years of war Ajit Singh entered Jodhpur as its ruler in 1707.

01Out of Delhi

Jaswant Singh died at Jamrud in the Khyber in December 1678. His posthumous son Ajit Singh was held in Delhi, and the emperor wanted him raised at court. In July 1679 Durgadas and the Rathore escort fought their way out of the city and got the child to Marwar. The same year Aurangzeb reimposed the jizya. Maharana Raj Singh of Mewar joined the Rathores, and the war spread across Rajputana.

02Prince Akbar and the long war

In 1681 Aurangzeb’s son Prince Akbar rebelled with Rajput backing. When the revolt failed, Durgadas escorted the prince all the way to Sambhaji in the Deccan, linking the Rajput and Maratha wars. For two decades the Rathores fought from the desert and the Aravallis, never beaten for long. Aurangzeb died in March 1707, and Ajit Singh took Jodhpur that year.

Durgadas Rathore
Person · 1638–1718 CEDurgadas RathoreDurgadas, son of Askaran, carried the infant Ajit Singh out of Delhi in 1679 when Aurangzeb tried to seize him, and fought for nearly thirty years until Ajit Singh entered Jodhpur as Maharaja in 1707.Read →
Why it matters

Marwar won back its own ruler, and Durgadas became Rajasthan’s byword for loyalty that asks nothing for itself.