Battle of Gagron

VictorMewar, with Medini Rai’s menRana Sanga
1519vs
SideMalwa SultanateMahmud Khalji II

Mahmud Khalji II besieged Gagron, held by men of his former minister Medini Rai, who had gone over to Mewar. Sanga came to relieve the fort and captured the Sultan.

Date: 1519 CEWhere: Gagron, near Jhalawar, RajasthanType: Battle
Photo: Ravikrishnan A K · CC BY-SA 4.0
Result

The Malwa army was routed and Sultan Mahmud Khalji II was taken prisoner, later to be released by Sanga.

01The water fort

Gagron stands where the Kali Sindh meets the Ahu, with water on three sides. Medini Rai, a Rajput who had run the government of Malwa, quarrelled with his Sultan and took refuge with Sanga, who gave him Chanderi and Gagron. When Mahmud marched on Gagron, Sanga came up fast with his army and broke the besiegers. The Sultan was wounded and taken.

02Generosity remembered

Sanga had the wounded Sultan cared for at Chittor and, after some months, set him free and returned part of his kingdom. Mewar remembers it as Rajput chivalry; Firishta and later historians record the release as well. A son of the Sultan was kept at Chittor as surety. The gesture did not buy lasting peace: after Sanga’s death, Malwa joined Gujarat against Mewar, and Bahadur Shah later took Malwa itself.

Rana Sanga
Person · 1482–1528 CE; reigned 1508–1528Rana SangaSangram Singh beat the Lodi Sultan of Delhi and the Sultan of Malwa, led the largest Rajput confederacy of his age, and fought Babur at Khanwa in March 1527, carrying the scars of some eighty wounds.Read →
Why it matters

With Khatoli, Gagron made Mewar the strongest state between Delhi and Gujarat on the eve of Babur’s invasion.