Mundaka Upanishad

Chapter 4: Om the bow, the Self the arrow

इति मुण्डकोपनिषदि द्वितीयमुण्डके द्वितीयः खण्डः

11 verses · 4 of 6

What happens in this chapter

Om the bow, the Self the arrow

Brahman is near, moving in the cave of the heart; know it as the target. Take the great bow of the Upanishad, set on it the arrow sharpened by worship, draw it with a mind fixed on That, and pierce the Imperishable. Om is the bow, the Self is the arrow, Brahman the target; be one with it as the arrow with the mark. Know only the One Self, give up other talk; this is the bridge to immortality. When he is seen, the knot of the heart is cut, all doubts fall away, and karma ends. Sun, moon and fire do not shine there; by his light all shines. Brahman alone is all this.

4.1

आविः संनिहितं गुहाचरं नाम
महत्पदमत्रैतत् समर्पितम् ।
एजत्प्राणन्निमिषच्च यदेतज्जानथ
सदसद्वरेण्यं परं विज्ञानाद्यद्वरिष्ठं प्रजानाम्

āviḥ saṃnihitaṃ guhācaraṃ nāma
mahatpadamatraitat samarpitam |
ejatprāṇannimiṣacca yadetajjānatha
sadasadvareṇyaṃ paraṃ vijñānādyadvariṣṭhaṃ prajānām

Manifest, close at hand, moving in the cave of the heart, it is the great abode. In it is set all that moves, breathes and blinks. Know it as being and non-being, the most desired, beyond the knowledge of creatures, the highest.

4.2

यदर्चिमद्यदणुभ्योऽणु च
यस्मिँल्लोका निहिता लोकिनश्च ।
तदेतदक्षरं ब्रह्म स प्राणस्तदु वाङ्मनः
तदेतत्सत्यं तदमृतं तद्वेद्धव्यं सोम्य विद्धि

yadarcimadyadaṇubhyo'ṇu ca
yasmim̐llokā nihitā lokinaśca |
tadetadakṣaraṃ brahma sa prāṇastadu vāṅmanaḥ
tadetatsatyaṃ tadamṛtaṃ tadveddhavyaṃ somya viddhi

That which is luminous, subtler than the subtle, in which the worlds and their dwellers are set, is the imperishable Brahman. It is prana, it is speech and mind. It is the true, it is the deathless. Dear one, it is the target to be struck. Strike it.

4.3

धनुर्गृहीत्वौपनिषदं महास्त्रं
शरं ह्युपासा निशितं सन्धयीत ।
आयम्य तद्भावगतेन चेतसा
लक्ष्यं तदेवाक्षरं सोम्य विद्धि

dhanurgṛhītvaupaniṣadaṃ mahāstraṃ
śaraṃ hyupāsā niśitaṃ sandhayīta |
āyamya tadbhāvagatena cetasā
lakṣyaṃ tadevākṣaraṃ somya viddhi

Taking the great weapon of the Upanishads as a bow, fit to it an arrow sharpened by worship. Drawing it with a mind absorbed in That, dear one, strike that Imperishable as the target.

4.4

प्रणवो धनुः शारो ह्यात्मा ब्रह्म तल्लक्ष्यमुच्यते ।
अप्रमत्तेन वेद्धव्यं शरवत् तन्मयो भवेत्

praṇavo dhanuḥ śāro hyātmā brahma tallakṣyamucyate |
apramattena veddhavyaṃ śaravat tanmayo bhavet

Om is the bow, the self is the arrow, and Brahman is called the target. It is to be struck with an unwavering mind; one should become one with it, as the arrow with its mark.

4.5

यस्मिन् द्यौः पृथिवी चान्तरिक्षमोतं
मनः सह प्राणैश्च सर्वैः ।
तमेवैकं जानथ आत्मानमन्या वाचो
विमुञ्चथामृतस्यैष सेतुः

yasmin dyauḥ pṛthivī cāntarikṣamotaṃ
manaḥ saha prāṇaiśca sarvaiḥ |
tamevaikaṃ jānatha ātmānamanyā vāco
vimuñcathāmṛtasyaiṣa setuḥ

In whom heaven, earth and the middle air are woven, and the mind with all the pranas, know him alone as the one Self. Leave other talk. He is the bridge to immortality.

4.6

अरा इव रथनाभौ संहता यत्र नाड्यः ।
स एषोऽन्तश्चरते बहुधा जायमानः ।
ओमित्येवं ध्यायथ आत्मानं स्वस्ति वः
पाराय तमसः परस्तात्

arā iva rathanābhau saṃhatā yatra nāḍyaḥ |
sa eṣo'ntaścarate bahudhā jāyamānaḥ |
omityevaṃ dhyāyatha ātmānaṃ svasti vaḥ
pārāya tamasaḥ parastāt

Where the channels meet like spokes in the hub of a wheel, there he moves within, born in many forms. Meditate on the Self as Om. May you fare well in crossing to the far shore beyond darkness.

4.7

यः सर्वज्ञः सर्वविद् यस्यैष महिमा भुवि ।
दिव्ये ब्रह्मपुरे ह्येष व्योम्न्यात्मा प्रतिष्ठितः ॥
मनोमयः प्राणशरीरनेता
प्रतिष्ठितोऽन्ने हृदयं सन्निधाय ।
तद् विज्ञानेन परिपश्यन्ति धीरा
आनन्दरूपममृतं यद् विभाति

yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvavid yasyaiṣa mahimā bhuvi |
divye brahmapure hyeṣa vyomnyātmā pratiṣṭhitaḥ ||
manomayaḥ prāṇaśarīranetā
pratiṣṭhito'nne hṛdayaṃ sannidhāya |
tad vijñānena paripaśyanti dhīrā
ānandarūpamamṛtaṃ yad vibhāti

He who knows all and understands all, whose glory is on earth, is established as the Self in the space of the divine city of Brahman, the heart. Made of mind, leader of the breath and body, he dwells in food, seated in the heart. By knowledge the wise behold him, shining as bliss and immortality.

4.8

भिद्यते हृदयग्रन्थिश्छिद्यन्ते सर्वसंशयाः ।
क्षीयन्ते चास्य कर्माणि तस्मिन् दृष्टे परावरे

bhidyate hṛdayagranthiśchidyante sarvasaṃśayāḥ |
kṣīyante cāsya karmāṇi tasmin dṛṣṭe parāvare

The knot of the heart is cut, all doubts are severed, and his works are spent, when he is seen who is both the high and the low.

4.9

हिरण्मये परे कोशे विरजं ब्रह्म निष्कलम् ।
तच्छुभ्रं ज्योतिषं ज्योतिस्तद् यदात्मविदो विदुः

hiraṇmaye pare kośe virajaṃ brahma niṣkalam |
tacchubhraṃ jyotiṣaṃ jyotistad yadātmavido viduḥ

In the highest golden sheath is Brahman, stainless and without parts. It is pure, the light of lights. The knowers of the Self know it.

4.10

न तत्र सूर्यो भाति न चन्द्रतारकं
नेमा विद्युतो भान्ति कुतोऽयमग्निः ।
तमेव भान्तमनुभाति सर्वं
तस्य भासा सर्वमिदं विभाति

na tatra sūryo bhāti na candratārakaṃ
nemā vidyuto bhānti kuto'yamagniḥ |
tameva bhāntamanubhāti sarvaṃ
tasya bhāsā sarvamidaṃ vibhāti

There the sun does not shine, nor the moon and stars; these lightnings do not shine, much less this fire. Everything shines only after him who shines; by his light all this is lit.

4.11

ब्रह्मैवेदममृतं पुरस्ताद् ब्रह्म पश्चाद् ब्रह्म दक्षिणतश्चोत्तरेण ।
अधश्चोर्ध्वं च प्रसृतं ब्रह्मैवेदं विश्वमिदं वरिष्ठम्

brahmaivedamamṛtaṃ purastād brahma paścād brahma dakṣiṇataścottareṇa |
adhaścordhvaṃ ca prasṛtaṃ brahmaivedaṃ viśvamidaṃ variṣṭham

This immortal Brahman is before, Brahman behind, Brahman to the south and north, below and above. Brahman alone spreads forth as this universe, the most excellent.

English translation · F. Max Müller

1. Manifest, near, moving in the cave (of the heart) is the great Being. In it everything is centred which ye know as moving, breathing, and blinking, as being and not-being, as adorable, as the best, that is beyond the understanding of creatures.

2. That which is brilliant, smaller than small, that on which the worlds are founded and their inhabitants, that is the indestructible Brahman, that is the breath, speech, mind; that is the true, that is the immortal. That is to be hit. Hit it, O friend!

3. Having taken the Upanishad as the bow, as the great weapon, let him place on it the arrow, sharpened by devotion! Then having drawn it with a thought directed to that which is, hit the mark, O friend, viz. that which is the Indestructible!

4. Om is the bow, the Self is the arrow. Brahman is called its aim. It is to be hit by a man who is not thoughtless; and then, as the arrow (becomes one with the target), he will become one with Brahman.

5. In him the heaven, the earth, and the sky are woven, the mind also with all the senses. Know him alone as the Self, and leave off other words! He is the bridge of the Immortal.

6. He moves about becoming manifold within the heart where the arteries meet, like spokes fastened to the nave. Meditate on the Self as Om! Hail to you, that you may cross beyond (the sea of) darkness!

7. He who understands all and who knows all, he to whom all this glory in the world belongs, the Self, is placed in the ether, in the heavenly city of Brahman (the heart). He assumes the nature of mind, and becomes the guide of the body of the senses. He subsists in food, in close proximity to the heart. The wise who understand this, behold the Immortal which shines forth full of bliss.

8. The fetter of the heart is broken, all doubts are solved, all his works (and their effects) perish when He has been beheld who is high and low (cause and effect).

9. In the highest golden sheath there is the Brahman without passions and without parts. That is pure, that is the light of light, that is it which they know who know the Self.

10. The sun does not shine there, nor the moon and the stars, nor these lightnings, and much less this fire. When he shines, everything shines after him; by his light all this is lighted.

11. That immortal Brahman is before, that Brahman is behind, that Brahman is right and left. It has gone forth below and above; Brahman alone is all this, it is the best.

Public-domain translation by F. Max Müller (1884).

Text source: Wikisource · CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikisource transcription of a public-domain text)